OCEAN FREIGHT
Our team of ocean freight specialists will help you find the most efficient freight solutions, either via Full Container Loads (FCL), Less than Container Loads (LCL) or any other bulk mode.
With Santova’s strategic partnerships globally, alliances with leading ocean carriers and our ability to combine large volumes of cargo, we offer highly competitive pricing and services to all our customers.
Full Container Loads (FCL)
With over 15 years in the business, Santova’s service ensures the most efficient transportation for our customers. An FCL is defined as one container which contains cargo for one consignee.
With a strong focus on South Africa, China, the Far East, USA, Australia and the Middle East, for import and as well as export, we have vast experience in handling various types of commodities with specific requirements.
We negotiate prices for our large combined volumes, enabling us to offer high quality services in terms of transit times, space protection and reduced number of transshipments.
With collect and as well prepaid contracts with carriers of all 3 alliances, like MSK, MSC, OOCL, EMC, YML, ONE, HMM, we are able to offer you the best prices and options which fit your specific needs.
Less Container Loads (LCL)
For customers with smaller shipments, Santova offers Less than Container Load (LCL) service, where shippers are only required to pay for the space and weight occupied. We offer weekly arrival/departures from and to all major ports in the world.
Using our freight consolidation expertise and offices globally, we can provide you with reliable performance and lower costs with the additional benefit of the same lead time as using our FCL service.
With a combination of our fully owned controlled LCL boxes and our strategic LCL partnership, we are able to offer weekly services from all main ports of China and USA to Rotterdam and from Rotterdam to South Africa, USA and China,
We are able to offer you very competitive prices together with shorter lead times in handling and delivery.
Call Santova today to learn more about our specific products so you can choose the most suitable service level for your specific needs
OTHER INFORMATION
DRY CONTAINERS
General purpose dry containers (20′ and 40′) are also referred to a 6m or 12m containers. These containers are manufactured from either aluminium or steel and are suitable for most types of cargo. Generally aluminium containers can hold heavier cargo, while steel containers hold a greater volume of cargo.
Dry Container Dimensions
Guidelines to the container dimensions have been listed below however, specific container dimensions and capacity may vary depending on the manufacturer, age and owner.
20´ dry container
| Tare weight | Payload capacity | Cubic capacity | Internal length |
| 2,300 kg | 25,000 kg | 33.2 m3 | 5.9 m |
| 5,071.5 lbs | 55,126.9 lbs | 1,172 cu ft | 19.4 ft |
| Internal width | Internal height | Door opening width | Door opening height |
| 2.35 m | 2.39 m | 2.34 m | 2.28 m |
| 7.7 ft | 7.9 ft | 7.7 ft | 7.5 ft |
40´ dry container
| Tare weight | Payload capacity | Cubic capacity | Internal length |
| 3,750 kg | 27,600 kg | 67.7 m3 | 12.03 m |
| 8,268.8 lbs | 61,200 lbs | 2,389 cu ft | 39.5 ft |
| Internal width | Internal height | Door opening width | Door opening height |
| 2.35 m | 2.39 m | 2.34 m | 2.28 m |
| 7.7 ft | 7.9 ft | 7.7 ft | 7.5 ft |
HIGH CUBE DRY CONTAINERS
A similar structure to that of the Dry Container, the High Cube Dry Containers are also made from either aluminium or steel, with the added benefit of an extra foot in height. They are available in either 40’ or 45’. These containers are ideal for bulky, light weight or sizeable cargo.
High cube dry container dimensions
Guidelines to the container dimensions have been listed below however, specific container dimensions and capacity may vary depending on the manufacturer, age and owner.
40´ high cube dry container
| Tare weight | Payload capacity | Cubic capacity | Internal length |
| 3,940 kg | 28,560 kg | 76.4 m3 | 12.03 m |
| 8,687.7 lbs | 62,974.8 lbs | 2,696.9 cu ft | 39.5 ft |
| Internal width | Internal height | Door opening width | Door opening height |
| 2.35 m | 2.70 m | 2.34 m | 2.58 m |
| 7.7 ft | 8.9 ft | 7.7 ft | 8.5 ft |
45´ high cube dry container
| Tare weight | Payload capacity | Cubic capacity | Internal length |
| 4,820 kg | 27,860 kg | 86 m3 | 13.56 m |
| 10,628.1 lbs | 61,431.3 lbs | 3,035.8 cu ft | 44.5 ft |
| Internal width | Internal height | Door opening width | Door opening height |
| 2.35 m | 2.70 m | 2.34 m | 2.58 m |
| 7.7 ft | 8.9 ft | 7.7 ft | 8.5 ft |
REEFER CONTAINERS
Reefer containers are fitted with a refrigeration system that keeps the container at optimal temperature. Also known as refrigerated containers, these are ideal when transporting and storing temperature-sensitive goods such as fruit, drinks, vegetables, dairy products and meat.
Reefer container dimensions
Guidelines to the container dimensions have been listed below however, specific container dimensions and capacity may vary depending on the manufacturer, age and owner.
20´ reefer container
| Tare weight | Payload capacity | Cubic capacity | Internal length |
| 3,080 kg | 27,400 kg | 28.3 m3 | 5.44 m |
| 6,791.4 lbs | 60,417 lbs | 999 cu ft | 17.9 ft |
| Internal width | Internal height | Door opening width | Door opening height |
| 2.29 m | 2.27 m | 2.23 m | 2.10 m |
| 7.5 ft | 7.5 ft | 7.3 ft | 6.9 ft |
40´ reefer container
| Tare weight | Payload capacity | Cubic capacity | Internal length |
| 4,800 kg | 27,700 kg | 59.3 m3 | 11.56 m |
| 10,584 lbs | 61,078.5 lbs | 2,093.3 cu ft | 37.9 ft |
| Internal width | Internal height | Door opening width | Door opening height |
| 2.28 m | 2.25 m | 2.29 m | 2.26 m |
| 7.5 ft | 7.4 ft | 7.5 ft | 7.4 ft |
40´ high cube reefer container
| Tare weight | Payload capacity | Cubic capacity | Internal length |
| 4,480 kg | 29,520 kg | 67.3 m3 | 11.58 m |
| 9,880 lbs | 65,080 lbs | 2,380 cu ft | 38.0 ft |
| Internal width | Internal height | Door opening width | Door opening height |
| 2.29 m | 2.40 m | 2.29 m | 2.57 m |
| 7.5 ft | 7.9 ft | 7.5 ft | 8.4 ft |
45´ reefer container
| Tare weight | Payload capacity | Cubic capacity | Internal length |
| 4,850 kg | 29,150 kg | 67 m3 | 11.57 m |
| 10,694.3 lbs | 64,275.8 lbs | 2,365.1 cu ft | 38 ft |
| Internal width | Internal height | Door opening width | Door opening height |
| 2.27 m | 2.55 m | 2.29 m | 2.26 m |
| 7.4 ft | 8.4 ft | 7.5 ft | 7.4 ft |
OPEN TOP CONTAINERS
As the name suggests, Open Top Containers do not have a solid roof but rather an open top with a tarpaulin cover. The walls are generally made from corrugated steel. Due to the structural features, these containers are generally easier to pack and unpack and are best suited for oversized, bulky cargo such as timber and scrap metal.
Open top container dimensions
Guidelines to the container dimensions have been listed below however, specific container dimensions and capacity may vary depending on the manufacturer, age and owner.
20´open top container
| Tare weight | Payload capacity | Cubic capacity |
| 2,350 kg | 28,130 kg | 32.5 m3 |
| 5,181.8 lbs | 62,026.7 lbs | 1,147.3 cu ft |
| Internal | Door opening | Roof opening | ||||||
| Length | Width | Height | Width | Height | Width | Height | ||
| 5.9 m | 2.35 m | 2.38 m | 2.34 m | 2.28 m | 2.23 m | 5.44 m | ||
| 19.3 ft | 7.7 ft | 7.8 ft | 7.7 ft | 7.4 ft | 7.3 ft | 17.8 ft | ||
40´open top container
| Tare weight | Payload capacity | Cubic capacity |
| 3,850 kg | 26,630 kg | 66.4 m3 |
| 8,489.3 lbs | 58,719.2 lbs | 2,343.9 cu ft |
| Internal | Door opening | Roof opening | ||||||
| Length | Width | Height | Width | Height | Width | Height | ||
| 12.03 m | 2.35 m | 2.38 m | 2.34 m | 2.29 m | 2.21 m | 11.57 m | ||
| 39.5 ft | 7.7 ft | 7.8 ft | 7.7 ft | 7.5 ft | 7.3 ft | 38 ft | ||
FLAT RACK CONTAINERS
Flat rack containers are used for the transportation of over-width and over-height cargo. These flat platforms allow cargo such as pipes and machinery to be loaded from the top or the sides. These containers are manufactured from steel, available in 20′ and 40′ sizes and often have collapsible side walls.
Flat rack container dimensions
Guidelines to the container dimensions have been listed below however, specific container dimensions and capacity may vary depending on the manufacturer, age and owner.
20´ flat rack container
| Tare weight | Payload capacity | Cubic capacity | Internal length | |
| 2,360 kg | 30,140 kg | 32.7 m3 | 5.94 m | |
| 5,203.8 lbs | 66,458.7 lbs | 1,154.3 cu ft | 19.5 ft | |
| Internal width | Internal height | |||
| 2.35 m | 2.35 m | |||
| 7.7 ft | 7.7 ft | |||
40´ flat rack container
| Tare weight | Payload capacity | Cubic capacity | Internal length | |
| 5,000 kg | 40,000 kg | 62.2 m3 | 12.13 m | |
| 11,025 lbs | 88,200 lbs | 2,195.7 cu ft | 39.8 ft | |
| Internal width | Internal height | |||
| 2.40 m | 2.14 m | |||
| 7.9 ft | 7 ft | |||
PLATFORM CONTAINERS
Without sides or a roof, a platform container is ideal for abnormally sized and Out of Gauge (OOG) cargo that will have difficulty fitting in a standard container.
Platform container dimensions
Guidelines to the container dimensions have been listed below however, specific container dimensions and capacity may vary depending on the manufacturer, age and owner.
20´ platform container
| Tare weight | Payload capacity | Internal length | Internal width |
| 2,740 kg | 31,260 kg | 6.06 m | 2.44 m |
| 6,041.7 lbs | 68,928.3 lbs | 19.9 ft | 8 ft |
40´ platform container
| Tare weight | Payload capacity | Internal length | Internal width |
| 5,700 kg | 39,300 kg | 12.19 m | 2.44 m |
| 12,568.5 lbs | 86,656.5 lbs | 40 ft | 8 ft |
Platform Containers
Without sides or a roof, a platform container is ideal for abnormally sized and Out of Gauge (OOG) cargo that will have difficulty fitting in a standard container.
Platform container dimensions
Guidelines to the container dimensions have been listed below however, specific container dimensions and capacity may vary depending on the manufacturer, age and owner.
20´ platform container
| Tare weight | Payload capacity | Internal length | Internal width |
| 2,740 kg | 31,260 kg | 6.06 m | 2.44 m |
| 6,041.7 lbs | 68,928.3 lbs | 19.9 ft | 8 ft |
40´ platform container
| Tare weight | Payload capacity | Internal length | Internal width |
| 5,700 kg | 39,300 kg | 12.19 m | 2.44 m |
| 12,568.5 lbs | 86,656.5 lbs | 40 ft | 8 ft |
GARMENTS ON HANGERS CONTAINERS
Also known as hangtainers, Garments on hangers (GOH) containers allows customers to arrange cargo on a string and/or bar system. GOH containers are usually used when transporting apparel and save considerably on capacity and loading time. These containers are available in 20′ and 40′ sizes and can also be refrigerated (reefer container) as per requirements of the shipper.
GOH container dimensions
Guidelines to the container dimensions have been listed below however, specific container dimensions and capacity may vary depending on the manufacturer, age and owner.
20´ GOH container
| Tare weight | Payload capacity | Cubic capacity | Internal length |
| 2,300 kg | 28,180 kg | 33.2 m3 | 5.9 m |
| 5,071.5 lbs | 62,136.9 lbs | 1,172 cu ft | 19.4 ft |
| Internal width | Internal height | Door opening width | Door opening height |
| 2.35 m | 2.39 m | 2.34 m | 2.28 m |
| 7.7 ft | 7.9 ft | 7.7 ft | 7.5 ft |
40´ GOH container
| Tare weight | Payload capacity | Cubic capacity | Internal length |
| 3,750 kg | 28,750 kg | 67.7 m3 | 12.03 m |
| 8,268.8 lbs | 63,393.8 lbs | 2,389.8 cu ft | 39.5 ft |
| Internal width | Internal height | Door opening width | Door opening height |
| 2.35 m | 2.39 m | 2.34 m | 2.28 m |
| 7.7 ft | 7.9 ft | 7.7 ft | 7.5 ft |
Once cargo arrives at a port, the container (and cargo) needs to be collected and delivered to the consignees’ premises, the empty container is then returned to the shipper. Demurrage and Detention are two fees that the shipping lines charges the consignee. These fees are generally charged at a fixed daily rate by the shipping line.
Demurrage fees are charged when import containers are still full, are under the control of the shipping line and are waiting to be collected by the consignee. Typically, there are 3 free calendar days from date of discharge known as the demurrage free days.
A Detention fee is incurred when the empty container return exceeds the number of days allowed from the time the container is collected. There are typically one to two days free.
Unlike the FCL cost, which is usually a flat rate per container, LCL uses the Weight/Measure method to in order to provide the best value for money. This method was devised to overcome the difference between volume cargo and weight cargo.
In most cases the freight cost is calculated on the larger of one cubic meter (m3) of volume and one metric ton (1000 kilos) of weight. So if your cargo is half a cube but one and half tons the chargeable weight will be one and a half tons.
You can agree to the following matters by means of an incoterm:
• Who is responsible for transport insurances, licenses, authorizations and other formalities?
• Who provides the transport and up to where?
• When will the risks and costs of the delivery transfer from the seller to the buyer?
Incoterms 2010
There are 11 incoterms: 4 are intended specifically for transport by water. The other 7 apply to all kinds of multimodal transport.
Click the above image for an illustration of how Incoterms work
Incoterms by water transport:
FAS – Free Along Ship
Free Alongside Ship means that the seller delivers when the goods are placed alongside the vessel (e.g., on a quay or a barge) nominated by the buyer at the named port of shipment. The risk of loss of or damage to the goods passes when the goods are alongside the ship, and the buyer bears all costs from that moment onwards.
FOB – Free On Board
Free On Board means that the seller delivers the goods on board the vessel nominated by the buyer at the named port of shipment or procures the goods already so delivered. The risk of loss of or damage to the goods passes when the goods are on board the vessel, and the buyer bears all costs from that moment onwards.
CFR – Cost and Freight
Cost and Freight means that the seller delivers the goods on board the vessel or procures the goods already so delivered. The risk of loss of or damage to the goods passes when the goods are on board the vessel. the seller must contract for and pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named port of destination.
CIF – Cost, Insurance and Freight
Cost, Insurance and Freight means that the seller delivers the goods on board the vessel or procures the goods already so delivered. The risk of loss of or damage to the goods passes when the goods are on board the vessel. The seller must contract for and pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named port of destination.
The seller also contracts for insurance cover against the buyer’s risk of loss of or damage to the goods during the carriage. The buyer should note that under CIF the seller is required to obtain insurance only on minimum cover. Should the buyer wish to have more insurance protection, it will need either to agree as much expressly with the seller or to make its own extra insurance arrangements.
Incoterms by multimodal transport:
EXW – Ex Works
Ex Works means that the seller delivers when it places the goods at the disposal of the buyer at the seller’s premises or at another named place (i.e.,works, factory, warehouse, etc.). The seller does not need to load the goods on any collecting vehicle, nor does it need to clear the goods for export, where such clearance is applicable.
FCA – Free Carrier
Free Carrier means that the seller delivers the goods to the carrier or another person nominated by the buyer at the seller’s premises or another named place. The parties are well advised to specify as clearly as possible the point within the named place of delivery, as the risk passes to the buyer at that point.
CPT – Carriage Paid To
Carriage Paid To means that the seller delivers the goods to the carrier or another person nominated by the seller at an agreed place (if any such place is agreed between parties) and that the seller must contract for and pay the costs of carriage necessary to bring the goods to the named place of destination.
CIP – Carriage and Insurance Paid To
Carriage and Insurance Paid to means that the seller delivers the goods to the carrier or another person nominated by the seller at an agreed place (if any such place is agreed between parties) and that the seller must contract for and pay the costs of carriage necessary to bring the goods to the named place of destination.
The seller also contracts for insurance cover against the buyer’s risk of loss of or damage to the goods during the carriage. The buyer should note that under CIP the seller is required to obtain insurance only on minimum cover. Should the buyer wish to have more insurance protection, it will need either to agree as much expressly with the seller or to make its own extra insurance arrangements.
DAT – Delivered At Terminal
Delivered at Terminal means that the seller delivers when the goods, once unloaded from the arriving means of transport, are placed at the disposal of the buyer at a named terminal at the named port or place of destination. “Terminal” includes a place, whether covered or not, such as a quay, warehouse, container yard or road, rail or air cargo terminal. The seller bears all risks involved in bringing the goods to and unloading them at the terminal at the named port or place of destination.
DAP – Delivered At Place
Delivered at Place means that the seller delivers when the goods are placed at the disposal of the buyer on the arriving means of transport ready for unloading at the named place of destination. The seller bears all risks involved in bringing the goods to the named place.
DDP – Delivered Duty Paid
Delivered Duty Paid means that the seller delivers the goods when the goods are placed at the disposal of the buyer, cleared for import on the arriving means of transport ready for unloading at the named place of destination. The seller bears all the costs and risks involved in bringing the goods to the place of destination and has an obligation to clear the goods not only for export but also for import, to pay any duty for both export and import and to carry out all customs formalities.
Source: ICC website. The full text of the 2010 edition of the Incoterms rules is available at http://store.iccwbo.org
“Incoterms” is a trademark of the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC).